Thursday, October 31, 2019

Organizational Performance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Organizational Performance - Assignment Example Usually, upon observing the extrinsically motivated employees, even the intrinsically motivated people may start to improvise on their perfection for attaining such extrinsic benefits. A manager should understand the types of motivation he should employ according to the personality of the employee and behave accordingly. The same differences can be tabulated in Appendix 1. (Quinn. S., 2010) The point where intrinsic and extrinsic motivations get exchanged is the ultimate place for job satisfaction and performance. However, this goal can never be explained arbitrarily. It has to be explained in terms of processes which have been enumerated in the following theories: Maslow’s Need Hierarchy: Every human being has 5 levels of needs, one superior to the other as explained in Appendix 2: It is the tendency of every individual to try and satisfy the needs from the bottom of the triangle to the top. Once the physiological needs get satisfied, he moves on to the security oriented needs and so on. As he starts moving higher up, the extrinsic rewards for which he was earlier motivated should be accompanied by his intrinsic motivation to achieve job satisfaction and performance. There is a natural tendency to move up and down the triangle continuously according to the circumstances. Herzberg’s theory of hygiene and motivation: Factors of hygiene contribute to the extrinsic motivation and constitute of work conveniences like good relationships with peers, supervisors, salary etc.

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

QI Plan IV Implementing and Revising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

QI Plan IV Implementing and Revising - Essay Example To achieve an effective result from the quality improvement, there has to be a well structured plan to govern the process. Structuring of the plan has to involve all stakeholders in a particular health care center from the board of directors to the least patient. The reason as to the inclusion of various stakeholders is to ensure a smooth operation and implementation of the plan characterized with little or no hurdles. Quality improvement may not exist without a well structured board of directors. In fact, board of directors define and set the direction of a particular health care institution. To outline and define proper direction in the implementation and revision of the quality improvement plan, board of directors need to define and establish realistic mission, objectives, goals and visions that need accomplishment (AIHP, 2007). After establishing the mission statements and governing rules, board of directors has to communicate the deliberations and messages to the other staff mem bers and stakeholders in the given health care institution. The board of directors is also responsible for determining and promoting values deemed right and worth of promotion throughout the company. Since plan cannot work without supervision, board of directors also play fundamental role of monitoring achievements and reviewing the goals and policies of the given health care organization. To ensure substantial implementation and revision of the quality improvement plan in health care organization, the board of directors has to determine working options, deliberate on the ones to pursue and provide the required support (Medscape education, 2007). The board of directors also reviews and evaluates future risks and challenges face the organization and set strategies to eliminate such perils. Furthermore, the board of directors of the given health care institution has to delegate authority to the management of the organization to achieve effective and ready internal control in the healt h care organization. As a way of achieving effective quality improvement plan in health care organization, it is the responsibility of the board of directors to ensure proper platform for communication and consideration of the interests of the various stakeholders in the institution. After defining the mission, objectives, visions, and goals of the given health care organization, board of directors passes the remaining implantation plan to the executive management heading the other workers. Being that executive director participates in the meeting of board of directors, the official helps in the planning process of the organization’s goals and missions. According to Bumpress (2012), executive manager plays very crucial part in the implementation process as the particular monitors the progress as well as advising on solutions in case of a problem. Improving quality of health care in a given health care organization requires collaboration with other like minded institutions and resource providers. Executive director satisfy this role by identifying the specific organizations and development partners who can help in quick realization of the plan. The manager also compiles progress reports and hurdles faced in the implementation process and propose systems to avert the overlying challenges. While playing the management roles, executive director

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Donald Trumps Views on Immigrants

Donald Trumps Views on Immigrants Alondra Medina   Making America Great Again: Not Really According to President Donald Trump When Mexico sends its people, Theyre not sending their best. Theyre bringing drugs, theyre bringing crime, theyre rapists, and some, I assume are good people (CNN). When President Donald Trump says things about immigrants that theyre supposedly bringing drugs, crimes, and that theyre rapists he says this without knowing how they are. The reason why theyre here illegally is because immigrants are chasing the American Dream. Immigrants are not here to bring drugs, crimes, nor to be rapists, they are here for hope, dreams, and more for their families. There is no need to be judging immigrants for not being what President Trump want them to be. Trump made his remarks in an interview with Lesly Stahl on CBS 60 minutes. It was his first national TV interview since winning the election (Eugene Kiely). In that interview Lesly Stahl asked Donald Trump, What about the pledge to deport millions and millions of undocumented immigrants? (Lesly Stahl) and President Trump responded with this exact words, What we are going to do is get the people that are criminals and have criminal records, gang members, drug dealers, we are going to incarcerate. But were getting them out of our country, theyre here illegally (Eugene Kiely). This means that out of those 2 or 3 million people that supposedly have a criminal record his going to deport them even if they are citizens. What he doesnt know or understand is that out of those 3 million people therere probably not just immigrants it could be also be all races. Another thing is that, The President made immigration and border control a key part of his election campaign, promising to protect Amer icans from Bad Dudes (BBC News). The point here is how youre going to protect Americans from people that are bad.   All Americans in some way they have a dark side, they are not perfect in a way that Trump wants them to be. Having immigrants deported for criminals records than every criminal should be deported also. And that is not way to protect Americans from criminals. President Donald Trump on one of his campaign Platform that in order to Make America Great he wants every single undocumented to be deported and leave the white people here in America. What he doesnt understand is that America was build and raised by immigrants. So Basically, this country is ours just like everybody else even Jorge Ramos a News Anchor said it in his own words, This is our country, Ramos responded, it is yours, it is mine, and it is ours. And the interesting thing is that with the Trump administration and many people who support Donald trump, they think it is their country, that it is a white country, and they are absolutely wrong. This is not a white country, it is ours, and thats precisely what Im saying (Jorge Ramos). And this true because America would not be nothing without immigrants, there will be food, construction, and competition for wages and jobs will impact negatively on some existing residents. Also, The value of immigration cannot be reduced to an actua rial table or spreadsheet. Immigrants do not simply make America better off. They make America better. Immigrants Provide a shot in the nation arm (Richard V. Reeves). New Americans are true Americans. We need more of them. But trump is tapping directly and dangerously into white fears of an America growing steadily browner (Richard V. Reeves). Mr. Kelly said that the number of inadmissible person crossing the U.S-Mexico border had dropped this year (2017) from 31,578 to 18,762 in January to February- a period when the number of arrests of illegal immigrants normally increases (BBC News). Because of immigration advocates suggest that under the trump administration immigration enforcement polices all most all of them could be targeted of deportation. 700,000 DREAMERS (NPR). So, realizing that president Donald Trump is just saying things without knowing immigrants how they are he doesnt even know a reason why his deporting people. Just because he has the power to do anything he can automatically deport people just like that. The importance of all of this is that everybody has dreams not by bringing drugs, crimes, nor to be rapists but to be more for their families. Everybody deserves a chance to prove who they really are. Immigrants are more than what presidents Donald Trump think. People living in the U.S. without legal status are frequently invoked in American politics especially in these recent months. But the conversation is often short on facts about the millions of people who fall into this category. Donald Trump thinks the worst of us immigrants because of what he sees and hears about the immigrants but only if he got to know us a little bit better he wont be thinking the way he thinks we are and do in this country. Works Cited Kiely, Eugene. Trump Repeats Criminal Alien Claim. FactCheck.org. N.p., 2016. Web. 10 Mar. 2017. Mortensen, Ronald W. President Trumps Executive Order Puts Americans First; at Least 75% of Illegal Aliens Eligible for Deportation. Center for Immigration Studies. N.p., 05 Feb. 2017. Web. 10 Mar. 2017. Reeves, Richard V. Heres What America Would Be Like Without Immigrants. Immigration Reform. N.p., 2016. Web. 2017. US Hails 40% Drop in Illegal Immigrants from Mexico. BBC News. BBC, 09 Mar. 2017. Web. 10 Mar. 2017. Wang, Hansi Lo, Alyson Hurt, and Camila Domonoske. How Americas Idea Of Illegal Immigration Doesnt Always Match Reality. NPR. NPR, 08 Mar. 2017. Web. 10 Mar. 2017.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Malcom X And Charles Sheldon :: essays research papers

Religious and Social Visions of Malcolm X and Charles Sheldon As with all individuals we all have different thoughts on what the world needs. Some people take a sutel approach in pressing the beliefs, where as others are very aggressive about it. Charles Sheldon a Christian who tried to push a movement throughout the Christian church based on what Christ would do. Individuals in the church and the community viewed Sheldon’s movement as a strong and sometimes â€Å"impossible† feat. However, it was never found to be a major threat to the society that it took place in. Sheldon was trying to start this movement within the church so that it would spread and the â€Å"unreached† people would see the light of Christ Jesus in Christians in the way that they live their everyday lives. Sheldon’s attempt to live in the theme of â€Å"what Jesus would do†, did not force any beliefs on anyone or threaten anyone’s beliefs. It was purely a movement of self-commitment that an individual made on there own basis. Sheldon did not look at those who did not take the challenge of following â€Å"what Jesus would do† and frown upon them. No he just prayed for them and asked for guidance for him to reach the people. Malcolm X however, had a different agenda than that of Charles Sheldon. Malcolm was viewed by most Americans as a radical, many people say him as a black that was ready to speak his mind to the world. Malcolm’s mouth got him in trouble with Elijah Muhammad and was silenced for 90 days after his comments following the death of John F. Kennedy. Malcolm was by no means a person who was out to make friends. Not only did Malcolm make the general public question his comments, but also the Black Islam community was ashamed that Malcolm would say those comments in front of

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Diamonds Are Forever (from Sierra Leone), Kanye West

Diamonds are Forever (from Sierra Leone), Kanye West The famous song â€Å"Diamonds are Forever (from Sierra Leone)† is not only a good song that is sung by a legendary music artist, Kanye West, but it is a hidden message political song that is directly talking about the precious blood diamonds from the southern countries of the continent Africa. When someone hears the two words â€Å"blood diamond,† most would probably assume that the diamonds are from Africa and that there are many people who die trying to mine for them.In reality, a blood diamond, also known by the names of conflict diamonds, converted diamonds, hot diamonds, or war diamonds, is a diamond that is mined in a war zone and sold to finance an insurgency, invading army's war efforts or a particular warlord's activity. These terms are particularly used in the context of diamond trading to indicate the negative effects for the sales of these said diamonds. Most of the blood diamonds are mined particularly i n Africa, where around two-thirds of the entire world's diamonds are extracted from.Overall, the main political issue that this song is referring to is the cold fought war for the control over Africa’s’ blood diamonds. The reason the country Sierra Leone is mentioned in the song is because of the huge war situations that the blood diamonds have caused. A little knowledge about this particular conflict; from the years of 1989 to 2003, the country of Liberia was engaged in a civil war. In the year of 2000, the United Nations accused Liberian president Charles G.Taylor of supporting the Revolutionary United Front insurgency in neighboring the country of Sierra Leone with weapons and proficient military training in exchange for blood diamonds. In the year of 2001, the United Nations applied sanctions on the Liberian diamond trade. In August of 2003, Taylor stepped down as the president, and after being exiled from Liberia to Nigeria, faced trial in The Hague. On July 21st of 2006, Taylor pleaded not guilty to the charged crimes against humanity and war crimes of which he was found guilty in April of 2012.It’s not too easy to tell if the diamond in the middle of a gold ring is a true blood diamond or not. In reality, there is no way to tell by looking with the naked eyes or even under a jeweler’s gem magnifying glass. Many influences about blood diamonds have been made famous. Some examples include the song â€Å"Diamonds from Sierra Leone† and the famous movie â€Å"Blood Diamond. † After listening to the song by rapper Kanye West, it sends out a deep message about what is going on in Africa on the war of diamonds. The music video that goes along with the song is also very powerful.A lot of the lyrics in the song include hidden descriptive messages about what happens because of these blood diamonds. Not nessacerily about blood diamonds, but what is happening to the southern African countries and what is happening to the pe ople who are forced to mine diamonds. In many cases, children are kidnapped and forced into slavery and forced to mine for diamonds. In other cases it is adults who are kidnapped from their families and forced to mine. After performing some brief research about the forced slavery for mining the diamonds, rebellion is typically not an answer.In simple prospective, people who are forced into the mining slavery are given simple choices; mine for diamonds or be killed, or mine for diamonds or you will be forced to kill your family and then you will be killed. This is just a sickening way of realizing that the diamonds on any wealthy persons’ fingers could not have only cost hundreds and hundreds of dollars, but also cost hundreds and hundreds of innocent lives that will never be remembered. In connection with the message to what the song â€Å"Diamonds are Forever† is trying to tell the whole world is that hundreds of thousands of people have died in Africa’s ongoin g diamond wars.One of the challenges now that we come face to face with is to prevent warlord empires from kidnapping and recurring, and to get diamonds to a safe place where they can be an engine of growth in the 15 African countries where they are mined, instead of a scourge. One of the verses from the song that really stands out to me is: â€Å"†What's up with you and Jay, man, are y'all ok man? † They pray for the death of our dynasty like Amen. Right here stands a man, with the power to make a diamond with his bare hands†¦ † This verse really stands out because of what it means to me.I believe it means that we are asking if people who are mining for diamonds are okay. In response, all we hear are the prayers that ask for the fall of their country, because people are being forced to exchange their enslaved lives for blood diamonds. But in reality, nobody knows who the â€Å"we† are and nobody knows who the people mining are because their lives have already been traded for diamonds. In simple words spoken by Kanye West himself, â€Å"Little is known of Sierra Leone, and how it connects to the diamonds we own. †

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Classroom Management Plan Essay

In my first year as a teacher, I am committed to providing an environment where students are successful in learning, and understand the rules of the school inside and outside of the classroom. When students know they are in a safe environment, they feel safe to –ask questions, make mistakes, and be their selves. In keeping with tone of supporting students, behavior should not be punished, but re-directed to fit each students’ needs. My job as a teacher is to set the tone for such an occurrence and allow the students to see where they fit in. Providing the appropriate environment for all students to flourish will be my major goal in implementing good classroom management –it is necessary for the success of each student. I am committed to building my classroom into a safe and inspiring environment while engaging my students through the curriculum. While also getting to know them and interacting with them on a one-on-one basis. I know that meeting the needs of my students is a very integral part of my classroom management. Being comfortable with others students as well as myself, is also key to meaningful and respectful classroom discussions. I would like to have participation as a regular in my classroom, which could lead to group work. I want to make sure students are not afraid to learn from each other early on, so that when they are older they can see the importance of teamwork In my class I would say that I myself am very understanding and open with students. I recognize when they are not in the best of spirits, and when they have received good news. I will try my best to gage students by asking questions about their life outside of school. I want them to also feel comfortable with asking me questions, and know what is appropriate versus not-appropriate. Apart of self-rules, I don’t believe in forcing students to complete assignments, rather I give them the choice, along with consequences so they understand what is expected of them. I want my students to understand how to work for a grade, and know the feeling of satisfaction and earning an â€Å"A†. I am open to suggestions from students of what makes them comfortable in a classroom, so that they feel they are involved in the mechanisms of the classroom –which will give them motivation to learn and be enthused about learning. Physical Arrangement Coming into the classroom, students are met with natural lighting from the  windows and inviting tables and chairs with textbooks neatly stacked in each corner of the desk. Also upon entrance is a table where students can submit their work for the day as the exit the room to go to their next class. They feel excited and eager as they walk to their seats that they choose as their personal seat for the rest of the year. The seat formation is a square, in which students are two to a desk, and seated in front of or –in back of each other. There are three boards in the classroom: * A White-Board (in the front of the classroom) This board is used for writing down student comments. Daily news of important events Important information students should know for the day. * An Interactive Smartboard (on the right wall of the classroom upon entrance) This board is used for prompts and classroom discussions. Interactive classroom activities (i. e. , Jeopardy for test reviews, or lessons that describe how to mathematically explain graphing the equation of a line using slope intercept form) * A Cork Board (on the back wall of the classroom) This board will be used to display: â€Å"Student of the Week†, Top Assignment Grades, and Student Birthdays for the Month. My desk, which is at the head of the class and next to the whiteboard, has a bin for late assignments. Students are instructed to take out their notebooks and pens/pencils, and record the lesson for today located on the Whiteboard. The set-up of a classroom, as well as any room has an effect on the individuals that dwell in that space. I have the hopes that my classroom setting will be inviting to learning and exploration of growth. When I need the classroom to work in pairs or have discussions in groups, I will give them the opportunity to arrange the classroom into their comfort zones. On the walls, students are interested in an array of posters, showing basic steps in Mathematics, English and Science. I will refer to the posters throughout the year, to give students the independence necessary during their times of struggle –and help them recall where and what information is useful. In the far corner in the back of the room, will be a closet with books pertaining to unit discussions, and supplemental materials for writing, researching, atlases, dictionaries and art supplies for projects. These resources could be additional materials that students can look through out of curiosity or of obtaining extra information on a subject. In the far left, aligning the wall will be computers for individual use where students can research, and complete assignments. I have also attached a drawing of the schematics of the room, to show an environment that is conducive to discussions, individual work, and group work. By arranging the desks in square format, I am providing a learning atmosphere during times of lecture and note-taking, while allowing students to re-arrange during group work to give them that collective environment. The desks will not be connected to allow ease of access to each student, during times of monitoring. Teaching Rules/Behavioral Expectations I undeniably believe in keeping a safe environment where put-downs and name calling is not allowed –this also falls under respect. If I can have respect for my students as well as having them respecting each other, I believe this leads to a safe environment where learning can take place. As a part of school-wide rules, I am a stickler for gum chewing or eating and drinking in class. As far as cell phones and music, it is harder to stick to the status quo when it changes so much. I would like to give my kids the freedom to listen to music during their time of written expression or individual-work, as long as they are being respectful of each other, which means they are not blasting the music for everyone to hear, or interrupting other classmates. If it gets out of control, I will let them know that the privilege will be taken away, right from the beginning. As a part of school-wide expectation students are not to bring book bags/jackets to class, to which I uphold in my classroom. Students are required to wear a dashiki to school every day, and anyone not dressed in uniform is to be written-up (somewhat like a pink slip, that follows you throughout your school career), to which I am also an enforcer. I expect students to treat each other and myself with respect, which I outline in the beginning of class as –understanding for others and their lifestyles. I define the 5 step behavioral process as: Step 1: Verbal Acknowledgement Step 2: Verbal Warning Step 3: Name on Board Step 4: Call home Step 5: Write-Up and recommendation for Re-centering (Re-centering is a in-house detention served in the morning before school). If student behaviors are out ruled in the classroom, we will have a student-made Behavioral Process; where the students will come up with rules that will work to increase their learning potential. Students are more inclined to follow rules that they feel they have had input. This in turn will provide less resistance and more cooperation among students. Parents would also be sent a copy of the new rules, and informed of their child(s) desire to implement. Student will know that when the teacher is speaking, they are either taking notes as directed, or following along in required reading. There will be times, when a classroom discussion is held about the flow of material and how comprehensive it is to the students. Giving students the power to feel they have control over their learning. When I want to get the attention of my students I will hold up a quiet sign, and remain silent until all eyes are on me. I will then, say â€Å"Thank you for your cooperation†, and continue on with my lesson. Homework is to be given daily, unless there is a project due at the end of the week; in that case homework is given twice in the week. Late homework is to be turned into the appropriate bin located on my desk marked â€Å"Late†. Spelling, grammar, and organization will be counted towards total grade on ALL assignments. Communication/Daily Schedule It is my belief that involving parents can help with student issues while also gaining an insight to the student outside of the classroom. At the same time, engaging with parents to let them know they are a part of their childs’ education. I would like to send out a monthly newsletter or post an announcement on the web so parents can see what is going on in the classroom. I believe if parents are involved in their child’s school, the child will have more support at home and the parent can help with any issues that arise. I believe it is good to involve parents as much as possible. I will always have the agenda on the board so they can copy it down in their notebook everyday as they walk in. On some days I hope to have a free-writing assignment as a â€Å"Do Now†, so I can take role and they can be engaged and working on their writing. Notes will be taken in a notebook that I provide for easy-to-find assistance during a test, or review. Homework will be turned in at the end of class, as each student is dismissed by name. If the student did not get the homework done, they may lose a point each day it is not turned in. All assignments will have a chance to be turned in, and students will not be given less than half credit for an assignment turned in late. Next, we will begin out lesson. Pop up Quizzes can/will be given once a month, or as needed depending on participation in class. Interactive game days will be announces in advance, to give students something to look forward to in class. I want to make sure I leave at least five minutes to wrap up the lesson and reiterate the important points brought up that day. I will use different forms of assessment to make sure students understand the information, whether by passing out a graphic organizer, or having a discussion around the main points. I want to make sure my students understand the material as well as using higher-order thinking skills to analyze interpret or evaluate the material. I feel essays are a great way to let students express their learning, and interpretation. I would also like to give choices to students to demonstrate their knowledge of a given unit or subject, and believe that by allowing them to choose their way of competence they have another way in express their learning. I would grade on class participation including attendance, homework, group work and tests and quizzes. Group work is graded both at a group level but also at an individual level. I would like to grade as holistically as possible and I do not want students who are successful on tests, presentations or group work assignments to be penalized too much if they are not completing all assignments. My policy on late work will be that it is accepted but at a lower grade. I want students to learn, first. I do not want them to forget an assignment just because they missed the deadline. Encouraging Appropriate Behavior If students are showing signs of trouble getting homework in or not doing well on tests, I will have a meeting with them to help them get back on track. I will make a plan with them that their parents will sign, if necessary. I do not want my students falling behind because they are not doing their work. I want to stay on top of the students who may need an extra push. I want all my students to feel important in my class and another way I can accomplish this is helping them with their schoolwork and organization. I will be another person setting high expectations for all my students and helping those who may need some extra attention to accomplish their goals in the classroom. I want students to understand that they have control over their learning and it is not an innate skill or gene. I will help those who need it most by working with them one-on-one, if necessary. In the beginning of the year, all negative language in the classroom is immediately stopped. This will lead to students feeling safe to express themselves without fear of judgment. In turn, autonomy can prevent discipline problems as kids might act out if they are feeling attacked or unsafe in the classroom. I agree with this prevention strategy because once a student is not held accountable, then the problem will just perpetuate. Rogers talks about re-claiming teachable moments and how it is hard if you don’t catch a problem right from the beginning. I believe that this may make it easier in the long run, but I do not think you have to use a teachable moment right from the start to have it be meaningful. I believe if a problem is really out of control after two months or even five months, a proper, forceful teachable moment could teach the same thing even being later in the class. Establishing attention is one last preventative technique. Rogers insists that you should not talk over noise. I agree with this prevention and I notice that when I stand in the same place in the room, the kids will quiet down. If I â€Å"wait† for them to be quiet, they will quiet each other down. Establishing this early on is crucial in having an environment conducive to teaching and learning. It is essential that directions are heard and important points in class are heard. Discouraging Inappropriate Behavior If there is a consistent misbehavior problem, I will initially ask the student to talk to me after class. I will talk to him/her about the positive things they are doing in class and how I appreciate something they are doing, as in participating in class for example. I will tell them why their behavior is interfering in the class and have them meet with me later to make a plan of how they will be able to stop the behavior. In class, I will give them a warning and then ask them to move to the back of the room to work by themselves. I always want to keep consequences in line with the misbehavior. If the misbehavior continues, I will talk to the student and make a phone call home. I might also ask the parent to come into school for a meeting with the student. I think it is very important to involve the parents. I do not believe in throwing a student out of the room unless they are being harmful to others or me in the class–either physically or verbally. I believe that misbehavior should be addressed with the teacher and student communicating as much as possible. I feel that sending students to the â€Å"office† is overused. Instead of focusing solely on the misbehavior in the classroom, I want to focus on the good behavior and attitudes in my classroom. I want to acknowledge and encourage good behavior and academic success in my classroom. I will make sure that positive calls home will be given out for all students no matter how big or how small the accomplishment. I think parents really appreciate positive phone calls home and it also sets up a dialogue between parents and teachers. I also believe, in using rewards like stickers and stars, A’s or praise. I want my students to know it is okay to make mistakes and take risks in the classroom. I want to encourage my students by telling them specific feedback on assignments to let them know I am interested in their improvement individually. Although, I don’t want them to become dependent on my praise, I want them to be successful learners. I want to focus on improvement and effort, not just the final outcome. Conclusion As I have stated earlier, I believe Classroom Management is the key to an environment where students feel safe participating, and learning takes place. I hope to create an environment that is conducive to learning and involves all my students. The most important part of classroom management is not the behavior problems, but creating a good rapport with the students and encouraging them to succeed and setting high expectations for them. I believe creating a positive environment can limit undesired behaviors in the classroom.